Evaluation of Total Oxidative Stress Markers (TAS, TOS, OSI) in Hypertension and Their Association with Gender

Abstract

             Hypertension contributes to elevated levels of oxidative stress, which in turn exacerbates its symptoms and complications. This study aimed to evaluate global oxidative–antioxidative balance indicators—total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), and the oxidative stress index (OSI)—in patients with essential hypertension compared with healthy individuals. The results showed a statistically significant increase in both TOS and OSI among hypertensive patients compared with healthy controls (p < 0.05), whereas TAS values did not differ significantly between the two groups (p > 0.05). Significant gender-related differences were also observed within the hypertensive group, with TOS and OSI levels being higher in males than in females, while TAS values remained within a similar range. These findings indicate that male patients with hypertension exhibit a higher oxidative burden, which may reflect a compensatory antioxidant response in females.